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Ilyushin Il-14

The Ilyushin Il-14 (NATO reporting name: Crate) was a Soviet twin-engine commercial and military personnel and cargo transport aircraft that first flew in 1950, and entered service in 1954. Il-14 was also manufactured in East Germany by VVB Flugzeugbau, in Czechoslovakia as the Avia 14, and in China under the Chinese designation Y-6. The Ilyushin Il-14 was typically replaced by the Antonov An-24 and Yakovlev Yak-40.

Design and development

The Il-14 was developed as a replacement for the widespread Douglas DC-3 and its Soviet built version, the Lisunov Li-2. A development of the earlier Ilyushin Il-12, (that first flew in 1945), the Il-14 was intended for use in both military and civil applications. The Il-12 had major problems with poor engine-out behaviour. Also, it had less payload capability than was originally planned (although the Il-12 was intended to carry 32 passengers, in service it only carried 18, which was uneconomical).

The development into the Il-14 was a vast improvement over the Il-12, with a new wing and a broader tailfin. It was powered by two 1,400 kW (1,900 hp) Shvetsov ASh-82T-7 radial piston engines. These changes greatly improved aerodynamic performance in engine-out conditions.

Total production of the Il-14 was 1,345 aircraft: 1,065 in Moscow (Moscow Machinery Plant Nr.30) from 1956 to 1958 and Tashkent (Factory Nr.84) from 1954 to 1958. Licenced production of 80 in East Germany by VEB Flugzeugwerke Dresden (FWD) from 1956 to 1959 and 203 in Czechoslovakia by Avia, Prague, from 1956 to 1960. It was rugged and reliable, and thus was widely used in rural areas with poor quality airfields.

The type was also used by the East German aircraft industry as a test aircraft for the horizontal stabilizer of the Baade 152.

Variants

  • Il-14 : Twin-engined passenger, cargo transport aircraft.
  • Il-14P : Commercial transport aircraft.
  • Il-14M : Commercial transport aircraft, fitted with a lengthened fuselage, 24-32 seat.
  • Il-14T : Military transport aircraft.
  • Il-14G : Freight or cargo aircraft.
  • Crate-C : Electronic warfare version.
  • Avia 14 / 14P : Ilyushin Il-14s and Il-14Ps built by Avia under licence in Czechoslovakia.
  • Avia 14-32 : 32-seat version of the Ilyushin Il-14M.
  • Avia 14-42 : Enlarged 42-seat version with a pressurized fuselage.
  • Avia 14T : Freight or cargo version of the Ilyushin Il-14M.
  • Avia 14FG : Aerial survey aircraft.
  • Avia 14 Salon : VIP transport aircraft with six individual seats and a six-seat couch, can be fitted with long-range wing-tip fuel tanks.
  • Avia 14 Super : 1960-model with a pressurized cabin for 42 passengers, can be fitted with long-range wing-tip fuel tanks.
  • VEB-14 / 14P : Ilyushin Il-14s and Il-14Ps built by VVB Flugzeugbau under licence in East Germany.
  • Y-6 : Projected Chinese production version. Aborted after Y-7 development began.

Military operators

The Il-14 operated in the Soviet Union until the 1980s and early 90s, and other nations like Cuba and Vietnam. However, the unlicensed Chinese built Y-6 remained in the People's Liberation Army Air Force as a trainer until the late 1980s.

Civil operators

Very few examples remain airworthy, with some still in use for freight duties, and a handful maintained by aviation clubs and enthusiasts. Today only three aircraft remain airworthy in Russia: one, called "Soviet Union" at Gorelovo airfield near St.Petersburg, another, called "Penguin" has performed its maiden flight after restoration on 1.10.2012 and now is based at Stupino airfield near Moscow. The third aircraft, called "The Blue Dream" performed its maiden flight from Tushino airfield to Stupino airfield in May 2014 after more than 10 years repair performed by a team of aero enthusiasts. There is also one IL-14 that is possibly airworthy in the United States.

Il-14 incidents and accidents

Ilyushin Il-14s had 84 incidents and accidents during their operational history.

Date Operator Country Aircraft Location Fatalities Description
6 August 1955 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14 SSSR-L5057 (c/n 4340408) Voronezh 25 of 25 Crashed on approach due to an engine fire and wing separation.
22 April 1956 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14 SSSR-L1718 (c/n 146000202) Sukhumi 6 of 6 Crashed into the Black Sea shortly after takeoff.
28 October 1956 Egyptian Air Force  Egypt Il-14 "1101" Mediterranean 23 of 23 Operation Tarnegol: Shot down by an Israeli Air Force Gloster Meteor in a failed attempt to kill the Egyptian Chief-of-Staff.
14 June 1957 LOT Polish Airlines  Poland Il-14P (c/n 6341407) Vnukovo International Airport 9 of 13 Crashed on approach. Bad weather and pilot error were to blame.
15 August 1957 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14P SSSR-L1874 (c/n 146000607) Kobenhavn harbor 23 of 23 Struck a chimney and crashed.
4 November 1957 Romanian government  Romania Il-14P YR-PCC (c/n 146001010) Vnukovo International Airport 4 of 16 Struck treetops in fog and crashed.
3 December 1957 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14 SSSR-L1657 (c/n 146001027) Helsinki, Finland 0 of 21 Written off after overshooting the runway on landing.
5 April 1958 CAAC  China Il-14 "632" Xian 14 of 14 Crashed.
18 January 1959 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14P SSSR-41863 (c/n 146000701) Stalingrad 25 of 25 Crashed on approach. Possibly shot down.
23 October 1959 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14P SSSR-41806 (c/n 6341709) Moscow 28 of 29 Crashed on approach, possibly due to poor visibility.
13 December 1959 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14P SSSR-91577 (c/n 147001416) Boysun 30 of 30 Struck a mountain after the crew deviated from the flight route.
30 March 1960 Czechoslovak Air Force  Czechoslovakia Avia 14 "3149" (c/n 172913149) Kromeriz, Czechoslovakia 7 of 7 Crashed into a hill in poor visibility.
20 July 1960 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14 SSSR-61696 (c/n 147001035) Syktyvkar 23 of 23 Broke up in mid-air due to turbulence.
22 July 1960 Volksarmee  East Germany VEB 14P "400" (c/n 14803004) Vockerode, Germany 5 + 1 on ground Struck a chimney and crashed.
2 September 1960 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14 SSSR-04200 (c/n 147001418) Mount Belaya 18 of 18 Crashed while carrying a polar research team back to Moscow.
4 December 1960 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14M SSSR-52091 (c/n 7342905) Chernovo 14 of 14 Crashed due to engine fire and wing separation.
2 January 1961 CSA  Czechoslovakia Avia 14-32A OK-MCZ (c/n 105807110) Ruzyně International Airport 10 of 10 Struck power lines on takeoff during a training flight.
8 July 1961 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14P SSSR-41848 (c/n 6341706) Sosnovy Bor 9 of 26 Force-landed due to fuel exhaustion.
31 October 1961 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14M SSSR-61712 (c/n 4350503) Smorodinny 5 of 5 Struck a hillside after the crew mistook the lights of a town for the lights of their destination.
3 March 1962 Polish Air Force  Poland VEB 14P "026" (c/n 14803071) Warsaw Struck a paratrooper in mid-air.
27 March 1962 Cubana de Aviación  Cuba Il-14 CU-T819 Antonio Maceo Airport 22 of 22 Crashed into the sea after takeoff.
6 July 1962 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14 SSSR-91554 (c/n 147001216) Tashkent 11 of 38 Crashed due to engine failure.
10 September 1962 CSA  Czechoslovakia Avia 14-32A OK-MCT (c/n 98807103) Brno-Turany Airport 14 of 42 Struck a mountain on approach in poor visibility.
18 September 1962 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14 SSSR-61628 (c/n 146000929) Cherskiy 32 of 32 Struck a mountain after the crew failed to follow departure procedure.
28 February 1963 Interflug  East Germany Il-14P DM-SBL (c/n 6341206) Konigsbruck, Germany Written off after a force-landing without power.
16 June 1963 Tarom  Romania VEB 14P YR-ILL (c/n 14803072) Bekessamson, Hungary 31 of 31 Crashed.
4 August 1963 MIAT Mongolian Airlines Mongolia Avia 14S MT-105 (c/n 200 014104) Mount Otgontenger, Mongolia Flew into the side of a mountain.
24 August 1963 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Avia 14P SSSR-61617
(c/n 014 602107)		 Kutaisi Airport 32 of 32 Crashed in poor visibility after deviating from the flight route.
20 October 1963 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14 SSSR-04188 (c/n 6341301) Hayes Island, Franz Josef Land 7 of 7 Struck a glacier face after the crew lost spatial orientation.
1963 (date uncertain) Egyptian Air Force  Egypt Il-14P "1151" (c/n 14803007) Shot down by Egyptian air defenses on its delivery flight from East Germany.
17 February 1964 Malév Hungarian Airlines  Hungary VEB 14P HA-MAH (c/n 14803033) Ferihegy Airport Destroyed in a hangar fire.
18 February 1964 Indian Air Force  India Il-14 Banhilal Pass 13 of 13 Crashed.
22 August 1964 Czechoslovak Air Force  Czechoslovakia Avia 14T "3148" (c/n 171913148) Hurka, Czechoslovakia 10 of 10 Struck trees and crashed in poor visibility.
9 October 1964 Tarom Romania Il-14P YR-ILB (c/n 146000902) Sibiu, Romania 31 of 31 Crashed after crossing a mountain range. Turbulence causing mid-air breakup.
28 November 1964 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14P SSSR-41883 (c/n 146000708) Surami 7 of 15 Struck a mountain due to crew error.
1965 (date uncertain) Egyptian Air Force  Egypt Il-14T (c/n 14803005) Crashed on delivery flight from East Germany.
1 January 1966 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Avia 14P SSSR-61618 (c/n 602108) Mount Yurchik 23 of 23 Struck a mountain in turbulence and snow.
16 February 1966 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14M SSSR-52058 (c/n 7343609) Pechora 35 of 35 Crashed after an engine fire.
23 April 1966 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14 SSSR-61772 (c/n 146000310) Baku 33 of 33 Disappeared after the pilot reported that he was ditching the plane.
5 November 1966 Air Mali  Mali Il-14M TZ-ABH (c/n 7342501) Cayolle Pass, France 7 of 7 Crashed into the French Alps during a transfer flight.
12 March 1967 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14P SSSR-61657 (c/n 6341801) Yakutsk 15 of 19 Crashed while attempting to force-land after an engine fire.
17 November 1967 Interflug  East Germany VEB 14P DM-SAF (c/n 14803016) Germany Written off from damage on a flight from Leipzig to Moscow.
9 March 1968 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14 SSSR-41840 (c/n 147001504) Mount Getantag, Armenia 5 of 5 Struck a mountain. The crew was not familiar with the flight route.
11 October 1968 CSA  Czechoslovakia Avia 14-32A OK-MCJ (c/n 77805120) Ruzyně International Airport 11 of 40 Crashed after takeoff.
5 December 1968 CAAC  China Il-14 "640" Beijing, China Crashed.
23 June 1969 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14M SSSR-52018 (c/n 7343208) Yukhnov, Russia 24 of 24 Collided with a Soviet Air Force Antonov An-12 after disobeying ATC altitude instructions.
1969 (date uncertain) CAAC  China Il-14 "618" Namchang, China Crashed.
25 February 1970 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14M SSSR-61637 (c/n 146000937) Ust-Maya, Russia 5 of 5 Crashed after takeoff due to propeller malfunction.
4 April 1970 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Avia 14P SSSR-52002 (c/n 602111) Zaporozhye Airport 7 of 35 Crashed while attempting a go-around following a premature descent.
8 June 1970 CSA  Czechoslovakia Il-14 Nuremberg, Germany Hijacked by 9 people demanding transport to Germany.
8 June 1970 CSA  Czechoslovakia Il-14 Vienna, Austria Hijacked by 3 people demanding transport to Austria.
19 August 1970 LOT Polish Airlines  Poland Il-14 Bornholm, Denmark Hijacked by 5 people demanding transport to Denmark.
27 October 1970 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14 Sinop, Turkey Hijacked by 2 people demanding transport to Turkey.
14 November 1970 CAAC  China Il-14 "616" Guiyang, China Crashed.
7 February 1971 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14M SSSR-91535 (c/n 147001201) Kirovsk Airport Written off due to damage from landing short.
27 May 1971 Tarom  Romania Il-14 Vienna, Austria Hijacked by 6 people demanding transport to Austria.
30 December 1971 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14M SSSR-91570 (c/n 7342704) Baranikha, Russia Written off after overrunning the runway.
1 February 1972 CSA  Czechoslovakia Avia 14-32A/40 OK-MCG (c/n 66805109) Karlovy Vary, Czechoslovakia Belly landing.
4 August 1972 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14M SSSR-91537 (c/n 147001202) Aldan, Russia Struck a building during emergency landing after engine failure.
13 October 1972 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Avia 14P SSSR-86671 (c/n 023703101) Krasnaya Polyana, Russia Crashed.
4 November 1972 Balkan Bulgarian Airlines  Bulgaria Il-14P LZ-ILA (c/n 146001046) Cruncha, Bulgaria 35 of 35 Crashed into a mountain on approach due to ATC errors.
14 January 1973 CAAC  China Il-14 "644" Guiyang, China 29 of 29 Struck a mountain.
24 February 1973 CCP  China Il-14 Shanghai, China Mysteriously exploded an hour after takeoff. It is suggested that this was an attempt to kill Deng Xiaoping.
4 July 1973 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14 SSSR-91534 (c/n 147001150) Shakhtyorsk, Russia 18 of 18 Crashed into a mountain in limited visibility.
25 October 1973 CSA  Czechoslovakia Avia 14-32A OK-MCV (c/n 101807106) Brno-Turany Airport Written off after fire.
29 November 1973 Czechoslovak Air Force  Czechoslovakia Avia 14T "3155" (c/n 17913155) Veszprém, Hungary 3 of 23 Crashed following excessive descent.
6 April 1974 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Avia 14P SSSR-52023
(c/n 047 704110)		 Ust-Kuiga Airport 0 of 18 Written off after the flight engineer accidentally raised the landing gear after landing.
14 November 1974 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14M SSSR-91515 (c/n 147001425) Zhulhyany Airport 6 of 6 Crashed after takeoff following engine fire and wing separation.
9 August 1975 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14M SSSR-52056 (c/n 7342804) Ulan-Ude Airport 11 of 11 Crashed into a hillside after deviating from approach pattern.
1 March 1976 Tarom  Romania VEB 14P YR-ILO (c/n 14803061) Sibiu Airport 6 of 9 Crashed short of runway on approach.
24 March 1976 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14LIK SSSR-61756 (c/n 147001250) Ashgabat Airport 6 of 6 Crashed into a mountain while flying under VFR in IFR conditions.
18 December 1976 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14RR SSSR-61752 (c/n 147001247) Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Russia 8 of 10 Crashed into Mount Ostraya after deviating from approach pattern.
11 February 1977 Czech Airlines  Czechoslovakia Avia 14T OK-OCA (c/n 190013167) Ivanka Airport 4 of 5 Struck trees short of runway on approach. Did not follow proper flight path and height in bad weather. As of 2012, last accident of Czechoslovak/Czech Airlines involving fatalities.
5 April 1977 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14FKM SSSR-61675 (c/n 6342106) Penek, Russia 6 of 6 Crashed due to a loss of control following rudder malfunction.
20 July 1977 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Avia 14M SSSR-52096 (c/n 086806109) Vitim, Russia 39 of 40 Struck trees on takeoff and crashed.
27 October 1977 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14M SSSR-04195 (c/n 147001313) Cape Chelyuskin, Russia Crashed after deviating from approach pattern.
2 January 1979 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14FKM SSSR-04193 (c/n 7343506) Molodyozhnaya, Antarctica 3 of 14 Stalled and crashed on takeoff due to engine failure, although reports claim wind shear as the cause.
30 October 1979 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14M SSSR-61683 (c/n 146001050) Baltic Sea 0 Destroyed by fire (along with an An-2) aboard ship MV Olyenok during transport.
13 May 1980 Cubana de Aviación  Cuba Il-14 CU-T322 (c/n 147001642) Varadero, Cuba 3 of 3 Crashed into the ocean.
12 June 1980 Czechoslovak Air Force  Czechoslovakia Avia 14T "3151" (c/n 174913151) Brno-Cernovice, Czechoslovakia Written off due to damage sustained after takeoff.
15 September 1980 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14P SSSR-41831 (c/n 14803060) Bereznik, Russia Crash landed after engine failure.
13 June 1981 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14 SSSR-41838 (c/n 147001141) Ust-Barguzin, Russia 48 of 48 Crashed into a mountain near Lake Baykal on approach.
1 August 1981 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14M SSSR-91517 (c/n 147001135) Utichiy Island 11 of 11 Crashed into the ground.
16 February 1984 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14M SSSR-91611 (c/n 148001944) Saaremaa Island, Estonia Crashed after engine failure during a research flight.
10 January 1985 MAP Moscow OAO  Soviet Union Il-14T SSSR-06142 (c/n 148001843) Uralsk, Kazakhstan Crashed short of runway on approach during a night landing.
17 February 1986 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14M SSSR-41816 (c/n 147001603) Philippi Glacier, Antarctica 6 of 6 Crashed into a glacier slope after running out of fuel in whiteout conditions.
30 March 1986 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14 SSSR-04117 Ostrov Graham Bell, Franz Josef Land Damaged by snow on takeoff.
7 October 1988 Shanxi Airlines  China Il-14P B-4218 (c/n 6341406) Linfen, China 42 of 46 Crashed into a hotel shortly after takeoff.
6 July 1989 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14M SSSR-61788 (c/n 8343901) Cape Schmidt, Russia 0 Ditched after takeoff following engine failure.
12 September 1990 Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14P SSSR-41803 (c/n 146000938) Mirny Ice Station 0 Belly landing on glacier after engine problems.
1991 (date uncertain) Aeroflot  Soviet Union Il-14 SSSR-41807 (c/n 93013118) Mirny Ice Station Left derelict
8 October 1992 Wuhan Airlines  China Avia 14M B-4211 (c/n 108807113) Huajia, China 14 of 35 Crashed after takeoff following engine failure.

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Source : Article Ilyushin Il-14 of Wikipedia ( authors )

Specifications (Il-14)

  • Crew : Four (flight crew).
  • Capacity : 24-32 passengers.
  • Length : 22.30 m (73 ft 2 in).
  • Height : 7.90 m (25 ft 11 in).
  • Wingspan : 31.70 m (104 ft).
  • Wing area : 99.7 m² (1,073 ft²).
  • Empty weight : 12,600 kg (27,778 lb).
  • Max. takeoff weight : 18,000 kg (39,683 lb).
  • Maximum speed : 417 km/h (225 kn, 259 mph).
  • Range : 1,305 km (705 nmi, 811 mi) (full payload).
  • Service ceiling : 7,400 m (24,280 ft).
  • Rate of climb : 5 m/s (900 fpm).
  • Powerplant : Two Shvetsov ASh-82T 14 cylinder air-cooled radial engines.
  • Power : 1,417 kW (1,900 hp) each.

— — — = = — — —

This text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License
Source : Article Ilyushin Il-14 of Wikipedia ( authors )
Ilyushin Il-14 "Crate" : Your comments on this subject
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    By these pages, we also want to pay tribute to all those who gave at one time or another, their lives or health in the name of freedom, aeronautical security or simply our comfort.

    Centralisation

    Internet is full of websites dedicated to aviation, but most are dedicated to subjects or periods that are very limited in space or time. The purpose of this site is to be as general as possible and thus treats all events as well as characters of all stripes and times while putting much emphasis on the most significant achievements.

    The same years saw birth of technologies like photography and cinema, thus permitting illustration of a large part of important aeronautical events from the start. Countless (and sometimes rare) media recently put online by enthousiasts finally give us access to these treasures, but the huge amount of information often makes things a little messy. A centralization effort is obviously most needed at this level.

    All persons who directly or indirectly contributed to the achievement or posting of such documents are here gratefully acknowledged.

    General

    Fluid website

    This site automatically fits the dimensions of your screen, whether you are on a desktop computer, a tablet or a smartphone.

    Bilingual website

    You can change the language by clicking on the flag in the upper left or via "Options" in the central menu. Of course, the videos remain in the language in which they were posted ...

    Browser compatibility

    The site is not optimized, or even designed to run on older browsers or those deliberately deviating from standards. You will most probably encounter display issues with Internet Explorer. In this case, it is strongly recommended installing a modern (and free!) browser that's respecting the standards, like Firefox, Opera, Chrome or Safari.

    Cookies and Javascript

    This site uses cookies and JavaScript to function properly. Please ensure that your browser is configured accordingly. Neither of these technologies, or other means shall in no case be used on the Site for the retention or disclosure of personal information about its Visitors. See the "Legal" page for more on this subject.

    Website layout

    Left menus

    Because of the lack of space on smartphones and small tablets, these menus are hidden. Everything is nevertheless accessible via the main menu option, located between the video and photo sections. This menu is placed there for compatibility reasons with some browsers, which play the videos over the menus.

    "Search" and "Latest" :
    The link "In Titles" restricts the search to the titles of different forms. Use this option if you are looking for a plane, a constructor, a pilot or a particular event that could have been treated as a subject.

    The link "In Stories" will bring you to a search in all texts (the "Story" tab) and will take more time. The search term will appear highlighted in green when opening the corresponding story.

    Would you believe, "Timeline" will show all subjects in chronological order.

    "Random" will reload the entire page with a new random topic.

    The bottom section keeps you abreast of the latest five entries. New topics are added regularly. Don't hesitate to come visit us often : add bookmark.

    Blogs and Comments central section

    Under the photos section comes the comments tabs window :

    You can enter general comments in your own language via one of the two buttons on the left (BLOG EN and BLOG FR). Note that these buttons are accessible regardless of the language to allow some participation in the other language.

    All comments are subject to moderation and will be published only if they comply with the basic rules of decorum, while remaining relevant to the purpose of this site.

    The third tab allows you to enter comments on the shown topic and is bilingual. Personal anecdotes, supplements and other information questions will take place here.

    The "Story" tab shows the explanatory texts. They are most often taken from Wikipedia, a site where we participate regularly.

    The "Data" tab is reserved for list of features and specifications.

    Right menus

    On a smartphone, the lack of space is growing and this menu is moved to the bottom of the page to give priority to videos and pictures.

    The top right icons are links to videos posted by third parties (on their own responsabilities) or by ourselves. The link below these icons will take you to the channel of the one who posted the video. Feel free to suggest other videos if you think they are of some interest (Use the BLOG button or the "Contact" link).