(Martin) 4-0-4 @·AIRCRAFTUBE

  • Martin 4-0-4 Martin 4-0-4
    Martin 4-0-4
  • Martin 4-0-4 of Aerolineas Dominicanas at San Juan Martin 4-0-4 of Aerolineas Dominicanas at San Juan
    Martin 4-0-4 of Aerolineas Dominicanas at San Juan
  • Martin RM-1Z Martin RM-1Z
    Martin RM-1Z
  • Martin 4-0-4 ex Eastern Airlines Martin 4-0-4 ex Eastern Airlines
    Martin 4-0-4 ex Eastern Airlines
  • At the National Airline History Museum (2013) At the National Airline History Museum (2013)
    At the National Airline History Museum (2013)
  • Martin 404 restored in 2008 Martin 404 restored in 2008
    Martin 404 restored in 2008
  • Martin 4-0-4 Martin 4-0-4
    Martin 4-0-4
  • Martin 4-0-4 of Provincetown-Boston Airline Martin 4-0-4 of Provincetown-Boston Airline
    Martin 4-0-4 of Provincetown-Boston Airline
  • Martin RM-1Z (1958) Martin RM-1Z (1958)
    Martin RM-1Z (1958)
  • Atlanta, 1972 Atlanta, 1972
    Atlanta, 1972

Martin 4-0-4

The Martin 4-0-4 was an American pressurized passenger airliner built by the Glenn L. Martin Company. In addition to airline use initially in the United States, it was used by the United States Coast Guard and United States Navy as the RM-1G (later as the VC-3A).

Design and development

When production of the earlier Martin 2-0-2 was stopped due to problems with wing structural failure the company decided to re-wing an improved version (which had already flown as the Martin 3-0-3). The new aircraft was the Martin 4-0-4. It had structural changes to the wings, pressurization and was lengthened slightly to take 40 passengers. Like the earlier 2-0-2, the 4-0-4 was a cantilever monoplane with a standard tail unit (cantilever tailplane and single vertical stabilizer). It had an airstair in the lower tail section for passenger loading and unloading, retractable tricycle landing gear and was powered by two Pratt & Whitney R-2800-CB16 radial piston engines.

Operational history

First deliveries in 1951 were made to Eastern Air Lines (EAL) which had ordered 60 and Trans World Airlines (TWA) which had ordered 40. The only other new aircraft from the production line were delivered to the United States Coast Guard which had ordered two as executive transports with the designation RM-1G later changed to RM-1 and then in 1962 to VC-3A. In 1969 they were transferred to the United States Navy and were withdrawn from use by 1970. A total of 103 aircraft were built at the Glenn L. Martin factory in Baltimore.

TWA operated their 40 4-0-4s under the name "Skyliner" on scheduled services in the eastern part of the USA between 1 September 1950 and the last flight on 29 April 1961. EAL operated their 4-0-4s in the eastern USA using the class name "Silver Falcon". The first EAL schedule was flown on 5 January 1952 and retirement came in late 1962.

Later in their airline career, as they became displaced from the EAL and TWA fleets by turbine-powered aircraft, the 4-0-4s became popular with "second level" operators, known as "local service air carriers" in the U.S. as described and regulated by the federal Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB), with these airlines needing to replace their Douglas DC-3s. One of the last 'major' US airlines with a large fleet of piston engined airliners was Southern Airways who operated 25 model 4-0-4s on a network of scheduled services from Atlanta in October 1961, all ex-Eastern Airlines aircraft. Southern Airways' last 4-0-4 service was flown on 30 April 1978 with the air carrier then replacing them with smaller Fairchild Swearingen Metroliner "Metro II" turboprops. Martin 4-0-4s were also flown by Pacific Air Lines (which subsequently merged with Bonanza Air Lines and West Coast Airlines to form Air West), Piedmont Airlines (which operated former TWA 4-0-4 airliners), Ozark Air Lines and Mohawk Airlines during the 1960s. Most of these planes were replaced in 1968 with Fairchild F-27 and/or Fairchild-Hiller FH-227B turboprop aircraft.

Following their retirement by the aforementioned local service air carriers, a number of 4-0-4s were then operated by several U.S. based commuter and regional airlines to include Air South, Atlantic Southeast Airlines (ASA), Florida Airlines, Marco Island Airways, Provincetown-Boston Airlines (PBA) and Southeast Airlines. Martin 4-0-4s were also used in Air Florida Commuter feeder service when Air Florida was operating domestic and international scheduled passenger jet service during the 1970s and 1980s.

In February 2008 the last airworthy 4-0-4, an ex TWA aircraft, was ferried to the Planes of Fame Museum in Valle, Arizona.

Original operators

Civil

  • Bolivia.
  • Colombia.
  • Dominican Republic.
  • Haiti.
  • Mexico.
  • Panama.
  • United States.
  • Venezuela.

Military

  • United States :
    • United States Coast Guard.
    • United States Navy.

Notable accidents and incidents

  • 19 February 1955: TWA Flight 260 crashed into the Sandia Mountains, killing the three crew and 13 passengers.
  • 1 April 1956: TWA Flight 400 crashed on takeoff from Greater Pittsburgh International Airport, 22 of the 36 people aboard the aircraft died.
  • 2 July 1963: Mohawk Airlines Flight 121 crashed during takeoff from Rochester-Monroe airport, killing seven people and injuring 36.
  • 2 October 1970: In the Wichita State University Crash, a charter flight operated by Golden Eagle Aviation crashed near Silver Plume, Colorado killing 31 of the 40 people on board.

Survivors

  • N40415 (c/n 14119) Fuselage in former PBA - Provincetown-Boston Airlines livery stored at the Fantasy of Flight museum in Polk City, Florida.
  • N636X (c/n 14135) On display at the Planes of Fame Air Museum in a Pacific Air Lines livery. The last airworthy 4-0-4.
  • N450A (c/n 14141) On display at the Mid-Atlantic Air Museum painted in an Eastern Airlines livery.
  • N145S (c/n 14142) On display at the National Airline History Museum in Kansas City, Missouri.
  • N9234C (c/n 14143) Cockpit section preserved at the National Museum of Commercial Aviation.
  • N462M (c/n 14153) On display at the Pima Air & Space Museum.
  • N974M (c/n 14158) Stored at Billings Logan International Airport without engines for fire evacuation training.
  • N461M (c/n 14227) Stored at Sheridan County Airport in Wyoming.
  • N259S (c/n 14233) On display at the Glenn L. Martin Aviation Museum. Painted as N40400, the first 4-0-4 prototype.
  • N255S (c/n 14246) Stored on the grounds of the now-defunct Flying Tiger Air Museum near Paris, Texas.

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This text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License
Source : Article Martin 4-0-4 of Wikipedia ( authors )

Specifications (Martin 4-0-4)

  • Crew : 3 or 4.
  • Capacity : 40 passengers.
  • Length : 74 ft 7 in (22.73 m).
  • Height : 28 ft 5 in (8.66 m).
  • Wingspan : 93 ft 3 in (28.42 m).
  • Wing area : 864 sq ft (80.3 m²).
  • Airfoil : GLM-W 16.
  • Empty weight : 29,126 lb (13,211 kg).
  • Max takeoff weight : 44,900 lb (20,366 kg).
  • Maximum speed : 312 mph (502 km/h; 271 kts) at 14,500 ft (4,400 m).
  • Cruise speed : 280 mph (243 kts; 451 km/h) at 18,000 ft (5,500 m).
  • Stall speed : 81 mph (70 kts; 130 km/h) at sea level.
  • Range : 1,080 mi (938 nmi; 1,738 km).
  • Ferry range : 2,600 mi (2,259 nmi; 4,184 km).
  • Service ceiling : 29,000 ft (8,839 m).
  • Rate of climb : 1,905 ft/min (9.68 m/s).
  • Take-off distance to 50 ft (15 m) : 1,980 ft (600 m).
  • Landing distance from 50 ft (15 m) : 1,750 ft (530 m).
  • Powerplant : Two Pratt & Whitney R-2800-CB16 18-cylinder two-row air-cooled radial engine.
  • Power : 2,400 hp (1,800 kW) each (take off power).
  • Propellers : 3-bladed Hamilton Standard 2H17K3-48R.
  • Propellers diameter : 13 ft 2 in (4.01 m).

— — — = = — — —

This text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License
Source : Article Martin 4-0-4 of Wikipedia ( authors )
Martin 4-0-4 : Your comments on this subject
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